This post is the first in a series related to the Q4 2020 Forisk Research Quarterly (FRQ), which includes forest industry analysis and timber price forecasts for North America. The analysis comparing timberlands and bonds will also be included in the next issue of the Forisk Market Bulletin.

While Mark Twain said, “Buy land, they’re not making it anymore,” innovators in economic development and agriculture spent decades working around this scarcity of Earthly real estate. Consider fertilizers, highways and landfills. Consider office towers, improved seeds and urban sprawl. Consider sewage treatment plants, strip malls and crematoriums. Each of these strategies helps us do more on fewer acres or take advantage of previously neglected acres more productively.

Forestry also includes numerous advances and efforts to convert average or constrained strips of turf into high-performing cash-flowing assets.

The ability to get more production from fewer acres helps us move resources across space and time, shifting them to when and where they are needed most. [Now hold on while we leap.] This is similar to the roles played by the markets for financial investments.

Consider capital markets, like those for stocks and bonds, which help bring savers and borrows together efficiently. These markets are, to quote The Economist magazine, “the least bad way to set prices and to allocate scarce resources.”[1] Equity markets for shares of companies and bond markets which trade private or government debt facilitate the movement of financial resources across space and time to where they are most needed.

From the perspective of risk, any effort to transmit resources, whether by ship or carrier pigeon or bitcoin, entails uncertainty. In forestry, we assess the frequency and severity of different risks based on everything we know at a given point in time. What will our timber prices and cash flows look like given the uncertainty of markets, weather and fire? In financial markets, all asset prices, in a way, depend on investors’ perceptions of uncertainty and the assumed implications for cash flows relative to all other potential investments available to them.

For many investors, bonds, which are tradeable loans, provide the benchmark asset. These fixed-income securities offer regular income through interest payments, and their price accounts for key macro factors affecting all investors, such as inflation and interest rates. And when investors start looking hard at timberlands, they keep the yield of bonds, the return stated as a percentage of the bond’s market price, in their peripheral vision. We will explore this further in a future post.

[1] “Stocks in Trade”, November 13, 1999 in The Economist.